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    Subject[patch v3 1/2] x86, ptrace: regset extensions to support xstate
    Add the xstate regset support which helps extend the kernel ptrace and the
    core-dump interfaces to support AVX state etc.

    This regset interface is designed to support all the future state that gets
    supported using xsave/xrstor infrastructure.

    Looking at the memory layout saved by "xsave", one can't say which state
    is represented in the memory layout. This is because if a particular state is
    in init state, in the xsave hdr it can be represented by bit '0'. And hence
    we can't really say by the xsave header wether a state is in init state or
    the state is not saved in the memory layout.

    And hence the xsave memory layout available through this regset
    interface uses SW usable bytes [464..511] to convey what state is represented
    in the memory layout.

    First 8 bytes of the sw_usable_bytes[464..467] will be set to OS enabled xstate
    mask(which is same as the 64bit mask returned by the xgetbv's xCR0).

    The note NT_X86_XSTATE represents the extended state information in the
    core file, using the above mentioned memory layout.

    Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
    Signed-off-by: Hongjiu Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
    ---
    arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h | 12 +++++-
    arch/x86/include/asm/user.h | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
    arch/x86/include/asm/xsave.h | 2 +
    arch/x86/kernel/i387.c | 83 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
    arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c | 34 ++++++++++++++++-
    arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c | 1
    include/linux/elf.h | 1
    7 files changed, 187 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

    Index: tip/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h
    +++ tip/arch/x86/include/asm/i387.h
    @@ -33,8 +33,16 @@ extern void init_thread_xstate(void);
    extern int dump_fpu(struct pt_regs *, struct user_i387_struct *);

    extern user_regset_active_fn fpregs_active, xfpregs_active;
    -extern user_regset_get_fn fpregs_get, xfpregs_get, fpregs_soft_get;
    -extern user_regset_set_fn fpregs_set, xfpregs_set, fpregs_soft_set;
    +extern user_regset_get_fn fpregs_get, xfpregs_get, fpregs_soft_get,
    + xstateregs_get;
    +extern user_regset_set_fn fpregs_set, xfpregs_set, fpregs_soft_set,
    + xstateregs_set;
    +
    +/*
    + * xstateregs_active == fpregs_active. Please refer to the comment
    + * at the definition of fpregs_active.
    + */
    +#define xstateregs_active fpregs_active

    extern struct _fpx_sw_bytes fx_sw_reserved;
    #ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
    Index: tip/arch/x86/include/asm/xsave.h
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/arch/x86/include/asm/xsave.h
    +++ tip/arch/x86/include/asm/xsave.h
    @@ -27,9 +27,11 @@
    extern unsigned int xstate_size;
    extern u64 pcntxt_mask;
    extern struct xsave_struct *init_xstate_buf;
    +extern u64 xstate_fx_sw_bytes[USER_XSTATE_FX_SW_WORDS];

    extern void xsave_cntxt_init(void);
    extern void xsave_init(void);
    +extern void update_regset_xstate_info(unsigned int size, u64 xstate_mask);
    extern int init_fpu(struct task_struct *child);
    extern int check_for_xstate(struct i387_fxsave_struct __user *buf,
    void __user *fpstate,
    Index: tip/arch/x86/kernel/i387.c
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/arch/x86/kernel/i387.c
    +++ tip/arch/x86/kernel/i387.c
    @@ -164,6 +164,11 @@ int init_fpu(struct task_struct *tsk)
    return 0;
    }

    +/*
    + * The xstateregs_active() routine is the same as the fpregs_active() routine,
    + * as the "regset->n" for the xstate regset will be updated based on the feature
    + * capabilites supported by the xsave.
    + */
    int fpregs_active(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset)
    {
    return tsk_used_math(target) ? regset->n : 0;
    @@ -224,6 +229,84 @@ int xfpregs_set(struct task_struct *targ
    return ret;
    }

    +int xstateregs_get(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
    + unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
    + void *kbuf, void __user *ubuf)
    +{
    + int ret;
    +
    + if (!cpu_has_xsave)
    + return -ENODEV;
    +
    + ret = init_fpu(target);
    + if (ret)
    + return ret;
    +
    + /*
    + * First copy the fxsave bytes 0..463.
    + */
    + ret = user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
    + &target->thread.xstate->xsave, 0,
    + offsetof(struct user_xstateregs,
    + i387.xstate_fx_sw));
    + if (ret)
    + return ret;
    +
    + /*
    + * Copy the 48bytes defined by software.
    + */
    + ret = user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
    + xstate_fx_sw_bytes,
    + offsetof(struct user_xstateregs,
    + i387.xstate_fx_sw),
    + offsetof(struct user_xstateregs,
    + xsave_hdr));
    + if (ret)
    + return ret;
    +
    + /*
    + * Copy the rest of xstate memory layout.
    + */
    + ret = user_regset_copyout(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
    + &target->thread.xstate->xsave.xsave_hdr,
    + offsetof(struct user_xstateregs,
    + xsave_hdr), -1);
    + return ret;
    +}
    +
    +int xstateregs_set(struct task_struct *target, const struct user_regset *regset,
    + unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
    + const void *kbuf, const void __user *ubuf)
    +{
    + int ret;
    + struct xsave_hdr_struct *xsave_hdr;
    +
    + if (!cpu_has_xsave)
    + return -ENODEV;
    +
    + ret = init_fpu(target);
    + if (ret)
    + return ret;
    +
    + ret = user_regset_copyin(&pos, &count, &kbuf, &ubuf,
    + &target->thread.xstate->xsave, 0, -1);
    +
    + /*
    + * mxcsr reserved bits must be masked to zero for security reasons.
    + */
    + target->thread.xstate->fxsave.mxcsr &= mxcsr_feature_mask;
    +
    + xsave_hdr = &target->thread.xstate->xsave.xsave_hdr;
    +
    + xsave_hdr->xstate_bv &= pcntxt_mask;
    + /*
    + * These bits must be zero.
    + */
    + xsave_hdr->reserved1[0] = xsave_hdr->reserved1[1] = 0;
    +
    + return ret;
    +}
    +
    #if defined CONFIG_X86_32 || defined CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION

    /*
    Index: tip/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
    +++ tip/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
    @@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ enum x86_regset {
    REGSET_FP,
    REGSET_XFP,
    REGSET_IOPERM64 = REGSET_XFP,
    + REGSET_XSTATE,
    REGSET_TLS,
    REGSET_IOPERM32,
    };
    @@ -1560,7 +1561,7 @@ long compat_arch_ptrace(struct task_stru

    #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64

    -static const struct user_regset x86_64_regsets[] = {
    +static struct user_regset x86_64_regsets[] __read_mostly = {
    [REGSET_GENERAL] = {
    .core_note_type = NT_PRSTATUS,
    .n = sizeof(struct user_regs_struct) / sizeof(long),
    @@ -1573,6 +1574,12 @@ static const struct user_regset x86_64_r
    .size = sizeof(long), .align = sizeof(long),
    .active = xfpregs_active, .get = xfpregs_get, .set = xfpregs_set
    },
    + [REGSET_XSTATE] = {
    + .core_note_type = NT_X86_XSTATE,
    + .size = sizeof(u64), .align = sizeof(u64),
    + .active = xstateregs_active, .get = xstateregs_get,
    + .set = xstateregs_set
    + },
    [REGSET_IOPERM64] = {
    .core_note_type = NT_386_IOPERM,
    .n = IO_BITMAP_LONGS,
    @@ -1598,7 +1605,7 @@ static const struct user_regset_view use
    #endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */

    #if defined CONFIG_X86_32 || defined CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
    -static const struct user_regset x86_32_regsets[] = {
    +static struct user_regset x86_32_regsets[] __read_mostly = {
    [REGSET_GENERAL] = {
    .core_note_type = NT_PRSTATUS,
    .n = sizeof(struct user_regs_struct32) / sizeof(u32),
    @@ -1617,6 +1624,12 @@ static const struct user_regset x86_32_r
    .size = sizeof(u32), .align = sizeof(u32),
    .active = xfpregs_active, .get = xfpregs_get, .set = xfpregs_set
    },
    + [REGSET_XSTATE] = {
    + .core_note_type = NT_X86_XSTATE,
    + .size = sizeof(u64), .align = sizeof(u64),
    + .active = xstateregs_active, .get = xstateregs_get,
    + .set = xstateregs_set
    + },
    [REGSET_TLS] = {
    .core_note_type = NT_386_TLS,
    .n = GDT_ENTRY_TLS_ENTRIES, .bias = GDT_ENTRY_TLS_MIN,
    @@ -1639,6 +1652,23 @@ static const struct user_regset_view use
    };
    #endif

    +/*
    + * This represents bytes 464..511 in the memory layout exported through
    + * the REGSET_XSTATE interface.
    + */
    +u64 xstate_fx_sw_bytes[USER_XSTATE_FX_SW_WORDS];
    +
    +void update_regset_xstate_info(unsigned int size, u64 xstate_mask)
    +{
    +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
    + x86_64_regsets[REGSET_XSTATE].n = size / sizeof(u64);
    +#endif
    +#if defined CONFIG_X86_32 || defined CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
    + x86_32_regsets[REGSET_XSTATE].n = size / sizeof(u64);
    +#endif
    + xstate_fx_sw_bytes[USER_XSTATE_XCR0_WORD] = xstate_mask;
    +}
    +
    const struct user_regset_view *task_user_regset_view(struct task_struct *task)
    {
    #ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
    Index: tip/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c
    +++ tip/arch/x86/kernel/xsave.c
    @@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ void __ref xsave_cntxt_init(void)
    cpuid_count(0xd, 0, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
    xstate_size = ebx;

    + update_regset_xstate_info(xstate_size, pcntxt_mask);
    prepare_fx_sw_frame();

    setup_xstate_init();
    Index: tip/include/linux/elf.h
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/include/linux/elf.h
    +++ tip/include/linux/elf.h
    @@ -361,6 +361,7 @@ typedef struct elf64_shdr {
    #define NT_PPC_VSX 0x102 /* PowerPC VSX registers */
    #define NT_386_TLS 0x200 /* i386 TLS slots (struct user_desc) */
    #define NT_386_IOPERM 0x201 /* x86 io permission bitmap (1=deny) */
    +#define NT_X86_XSTATE 0x202 /* x86 extended state using xsave */
    #define NT_S390_HIGH_GPRS 0x300 /* s390 upper register halves */


    Index: tip/arch/x86/include/asm/user.h
    ===================================================================
    --- tip.orig/arch/x86/include/asm/user.h
    +++ tip/arch/x86/include/asm/user.h
    @@ -1,5 +1,63 @@
    +#ifndef _ASM_X86_USER_H
    +#define _ASM_X86_USER_H
    +
    #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
    # include "user_32.h"
    #else
    # include "user_64.h"
    #endif
    +
    +#include <asm/types.h>
    +
    +struct user_ymmh_regs {
    + /* 16 * 16 bytes for each YMMH-reg */
    + __u32 ymmh_space[64];
    +};
    +
    +struct user_xsave_hdr {
    + __u64 xstate_bv;
    + __u64 reserved1[2];
    + __u64 reserved2[5];
    +};
    +
    +/*
    + * The structure layout of user_xstateregs, used for exporting the
    + * extended register state through ptrace and core-dump (NT_X86_XSTATE note)
    + * interfaces will be same as the memory layout of xsave used by the processor
    + * (except for the bytes 464..511, which can be used by the software) and hence
    + * the size of this structure varies depending on the features supported by the
    + * processor and OS. The size of the structure that users need to use can be
    + * obtained by doing:
    + * cpuid_count(0xd, 0, &eax, &ptrace_xstateregs_struct_size, &ecx, &edx);
    + * i.e., cpuid.(eax=0xd,ecx=0).ebx will be the size that user (debuggers, etc.)
    + * need to use.
    + *
    + * For now, only the first 8 bytes of the software usable bytes[464..471] will
    + * be used and will be set to OS enabled xstate mask (which is same as the
    + * 64bit mask returned by the xgetbv's xCR0). Users (analyzing core dump
    + * remotely, etc.) can use this mask as well as the mask saved in the
    + * xstate_hdr bytes and interpret what states the processor/OS supports
    + * and what states are in modified/initialized conditions for the
    + * particular process/thread.
    + *
    + * Also when the user modifies certain state FP/SSE/etc through the
    + * ptrace interface, they must ensure that the xsave_hdr.xstate_bv
    + * bytes[512..519] of the memory layout are updated correspondingly.
    + * i.e., for example when FP state is modified to a non-init state,
    + * xsave_hdr.xstate_bv's bit 0 must be set to '1', when SSE is modified to
    + * non-init state, xsave_hdr.xstate_bv's bit 1 must to be set to '1', etc.
    + */
    +#define USER_XSTATE_FX_SW_WORDS 6
    +#define USER_XSTATE_XCR0_WORD 0
    +
    +struct user_xstateregs {
    + struct {
    + __u64 fpx_space[58];
    + __u64 xstate_fx_sw[USER_XSTATE_FX_SW_WORDS];
    + } i387;
    + struct user_xsave_hdr xsave_hdr;
    + struct user_ymmh_regs ymmh;
    + /* further processor state extensions go here */
    +};
    +
    +#endif /* _ASM_X86_USER_H */



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