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    SubjectRe: Linux 4.15-rc7
    On Fri, Jan 12, 2018 at 12:06 PM, Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> wrote:
    > Hi!
    >
    >> Wasn't/Isn't the 4G/4G memory layout for 32 bits essentially KPTI?
    >
    > Good point. Is that still supported? Was it ever?
    >
    > Umm. I seem to recall that 4G/4G layout was out of tree but never
    > merged.

    I think that's correct: it was in RHEL3 and RHEL4 but never merged
    upstream.

    However, there is an important difference between KPTI and X86_4G:
    The former unmaps the kernel pages from the user space page tables,
    but keeps both the linear mapping and the user pages visible in
    kernel mode, while the latter must have also unmapped user space
    pages from kernel mode, requiring a more expensive get_user/put_user
    implementation.

    Kees mentioned an idea to also unmap user pages from kernel
    mode as an additional safeguard on top of KPTI, which would get
    it even closer to the X86_4G implementation:
    https://outflux.net/blog/archives/2018/01/04/smep-emulation-in-pti/

    Could you be more specific which 32-bit x86 chips you have that are
    affected by Meltdown? Do you mean pre-2004 Pentiums or Core-Duo
    laptops? I would guess that Cyrix/Natsemi/AMD 6x86/MediaGX/Geode
    and AMD NexGen K6/K7 also affected by Spectre but probably not
    Meltdown, and most other 32-bit microarchitectures seem to be purely
    in-order.

    Arnd

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