Messages in this thread Patch in this message | | | From | Trent Piepho <> | Subject | [PATCH] [POWERPC] Improve (in|out)_beXX() asm code | Date | Tue, 20 May 2008 13:40:25 -0700 |
| |
Since commit 4cb3cee03d558fd457cb58f56c80a2a09a66110c the code generated for the in_beXX() and out_beXX() mmio functions has been sub-optimal.
The out_leXX() family of functions are created with the macro DEF_MMIO_OUT_LE() while the out_beXX() family are created with DEF_MMIO_OUT_BE(). In what was perhaps a bit too much macro use, both of these macros are in turn created via the macro DEF_MMIO_OUT().
For the LE versions, eventually they boil down to an asm that will look something like this: asm("sync; stwbrx %1,0,%2" : "=m" (*addr) : "r" (val), "r" (addr));
While not perfect, this appears to be the best one can do. The issue is that the "stwbrx" instruction only comes in an indexed, or 'x', version, in which the address is represented by the sum of two registers (the "0,%2"). Unfortunately, gcc doesn't have a constraint for an indexed memory reference. The "m" constraint allows both indexed and offset, i.e. register plus constant, memory references and there is no "stwbr" version for offset references.
The unused first operand to the asm is just to tell gcc that *addr is an output of the asm. The address used is passed in a single register via the third asm operand, and the index register is just hard coded as 0. This means gcc is forced to put the address in a single register and can't use index addressing, e.g. if one has the data in register 9, a base address in register 3 and an index in register 4, gcc must emit code like "add 11,4,3; stwbrx 9,0,11" instead of just "stwbrx 9,4,3". This costs an extra add instruction and another register.
This brings us the to problem with the BE version. In this case, the "stw" instruction does have both indexed and non-indexed versions. The final asm ends up looking like this: asm("sync; stw%U0%X0 %1,%0" : "=m" (*addr) : "r" (val), "r" (addr));
The undocumented codes "%U0" and "%0X" will generate a 'u' if the memory reference should be a auto-updating one, and an 'x' if the memory reference is indexed, respectively. The third operand is unused, it's just there because asm the code is reused from the LE version. However, gcc does not know this, and generates unnecessary code to stick addr in a register! To use the example from the LE version, gcc will generate "add 11,4,3; stwx 9,4,3". It is able to use the indexed address "4,3" for the "stwx", but still thinks it needs to put 4+3 into register 11, which will never be used.
This also ends up happening a lot for the offset addressing mode, where common code like this: out_be32(&device_registers->some_register, data); uses an instruction like "stw 9, 42(3)", where register 3 has the pointer device_registers and 42 is the offset of some_register in that structure. gcc will be forced to generate the unnecessary instruction "addi 11, 3, 42" to put the address into a single (unused) register.
The in_* versions end up having these exact same problems as well.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@freescale.com> CC: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> CC: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com> --- There was some discussion on a Freescale list if the powerpc I/O accessors should be strictly ordered w.r.t. normal memory. Currently they are not. It does not appear as if any other architecture's I/O accessors are strictly ordered in this manner. memory-barriers.txt explicitly states that the I/O space (inb, outw, etc.) are NOT strictly ordered w.r.t. normal memory accesses and it's implied the other I/O accessors (e.g., writel) are the same.
However, it is somewhat harder to program for this model, and there are almost certainly a number of drivers using coherent DMA which have subtle bugs because the do not include the necessary barriers.
But clearly and change to this would be a subject for a different patch.
include/asm-powerpc/io.h | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/asm-powerpc/io.h b/include/asm-powerpc/io.h index e0062d7..795b5d4 100644 --- a/include/asm-powerpc/io.h +++ b/include/asm-powerpc/io.h @@ -95,33 +95,39 @@ extern resource_size_t isa_mem_base; #define IO_SET_SYNC_FLAG() #endif -#define DEF_MMIO_IN(name, type, insn) \ -static inline type name(const volatile type __iomem *addr) \ +#define DEF_MMIO_IN_LE(name, size, insn) \ +static inline u##size name(const volatile u##size __iomem *addr) \ { \ - type ret; \ - __asm__ __volatile__("sync;" insn ";twi 0,%0,0;isync" \ - : "=r" (ret) : "r" (addr), "m" (*addr)); \ + u##size ret; \ + __asm__ __volatile__("sync;"#insn" %0,0,%1;twi 0,%0,0;isync" \ + : "=r" (ret) : "r" (addr), "m" (*addr)); \ return ret; \ } -#define DEF_MMIO_OUT(name, type, insn) \ -static inline void name(volatile type __iomem *addr, type val) \ +#define DEF_MMIO_IN_BE(name, size, insn) \ +static inline u##size name(const volatile u##size __iomem *addr) \ { \ - __asm__ __volatile__("sync;" insn \ - : "=m" (*addr) : "r" (val), "r" (addr)); \ - IO_SET_SYNC_FLAG(); \ + u##size ret; \ + __asm__ __volatile__("sync;"#insn"%U1%X1 %0,%1;twi 0,%0,0;isync"\ + : "=r" (ret) : "m" (*addr)); \ + return ret; \ } +#define DEF_MMIO_OUT_BE(name, size, insn) \ +static inline void name(volatile u##size __iomem *addr, u##size val) \ +{ \ + __asm__ __volatile__("sync;"#insn"%U0%X0 %1,%0" \ + : "=m" (*addr) : "r" (val)); \ + IO_SET_SYNC_FLAG(); \ +} -#define DEF_MMIO_IN_BE(name, size, insn) \ - DEF_MMIO_IN(name, u##size, __stringify(insn)"%U2%X2 %0,%2") -#define DEF_MMIO_IN_LE(name, size, insn) \ - DEF_MMIO_IN(name, u##size, __stringify(insn)" %0,0,%1") - -#define DEF_MMIO_OUT_BE(name, size, insn) \ - DEF_MMIO_OUT(name, u##size, __stringify(insn)"%U0%X0 %1,%0") -#define DEF_MMIO_OUT_LE(name, size, insn) \ - DEF_MMIO_OUT(name, u##size, __stringify(insn)" %1,0,%2") +#define DEF_MMIO_OUT_LE(name, size, insn) \ +static inline void name(volatile u##size __iomem *addr, u##size val) \ +{ \ + __asm__ __volatile__("sync;"#insn" %1,0,%2" \ + : "=m" (*addr) : "r" (val), "r" (addr)); \ + IO_SET_SYNC_FLAG(); \ +} DEF_MMIO_IN_BE(in_8, 8, lbz); DEF_MMIO_IN_BE(in_be16, 16, lhz); -- 1.5.4.1
| |