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    Subject[PATCH 4/9] Dump memory address space
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    Date

    From: Oren Laadan <orenl@cs.columbia.edu>

    For each VMA, there is a 'struct cr_vma'; if the VMA is file-mapped,
    it will be followed by the file name. Then comes the actual contents,
    in one or more chunk: each chunk begins with a header that specifies
    how many pages it holds, then the virtual addresses of all the dumped
    pages in that chunk, followed by the actual contents of all dumped
    pages. A header with zero number of pages marks the end of the contents.
    Then comes the next VMA and so on.

    Signed-off-by: Oren Laadan <orenl@cs.columbia.edu>
    Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
    Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
    ---

    linux-2.6.git-dave/arch/x86/mm/checkpoint.c | 31 +
    linux-2.6.git-dave/arch/x86/mm/restart.c | 1
    linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/Makefile | 3
    linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/checkpoint.c | 53 ++
    linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/checkpoint_arch.h | 2
    linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/checkpoint_mem.h | 41 +
    linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/ckpt_mem.c | 500 ++++++++++++++++++++
    linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/sys.c | 16
    linux-2.6.git-dave/include/asm-x86/checkpoint_hdr.h | 5
    linux-2.6.git-dave/include/linux/checkpoint.h | 12
    linux-2.6.git-dave/include/linux/checkpoint_hdr.h | 32 +
    11 files changed, 695 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

    diff -puN arch/x86/mm/checkpoint.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space arch/x86/mm/checkpoint.c
    --- linux-2.6.git/arch/x86/mm/checkpoint.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/arch/x86/mm/checkpoint.c 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -196,3 +196,34 @@ int cr_write_cpu(struct cr_ctx *ctx, str
    cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    return ret;
    }
    +
    +/* dump the mm->context state */
    +int cr_write_mm_context(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct mm_struct *mm, int parent)
    +{
    + struct cr_hdr h;
    + struct cr_hdr_mm_context *hh = cr_hbuf_get(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + int ret;
    +
    + h.type = CR_HDR_MM_CONTEXT;
    + h.len = sizeof(*hh);
    + h.parent = parent;
    +
    + mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
    +
    + hh->ldt_entry_size = LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
    + hh->nldt = mm->context.size;
    +
    + cr_debug("nldt %d\n", hh->nldt);
    +
    + ret = cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, hh);
    + cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + if (ret < 0)
    + goto out;
    +
    + ret = cr_kwrite(ctx, mm->context.ldt,
    + mm->context.size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
    +
    + out:
    + mutex_unlock(&mm->context.lock);
    + return ret;
    +}
    diff -puN arch/x86/mm/restart.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space arch/x86/mm/restart.c
    --- linux-2.6.git/arch/x86/mm/restart.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/arch/x86/mm/restart.c 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
    * distribution for more details.
    */

    +#include <linux/unistd.h>
    #include <asm/desc.h>
    #include <asm/i387.h>

    diff -puN checkpoint/checkpoint_arch.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space checkpoint/checkpoint_arch.h
    --- linux-2.6.git/checkpoint/checkpoint_arch.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/checkpoint_arch.h 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -2,6 +2,8 @@

    extern int cr_write_thread(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct task_struct *t);
    extern int cr_write_cpu(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct task_struct *t);
    +extern int cr_write_mm_context(struct cr_ctx *ctx,
    + struct mm_struct *mm, int parent);

    extern int cr_read_thread(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    extern int cr_read_cpu(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    diff -puN checkpoint/checkpoint.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space checkpoint/checkpoint.c
    --- linux-2.6.git/checkpoint/checkpoint.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/checkpoint.c 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -55,6 +55,55 @@ int cr_write_string(struct cr_ctx *ctx,
    return cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, str);
    }

    +/**
    + * cr_fill_fname - return pathname of a given file
    + * @path: path name
    + * @root: relative root
    + * @buf: buffer for pathname
    + * @n: buffer length (in) and pathname length (out)
    + */
    +static char *
    +cr_fill_fname(struct path *path, struct path *root, char *buf, int *n)
    +{
    + char *fname;
    +
    + BUG_ON(!buf);
    + fname = __d_path(path, root, buf, *n);
    + if (!IS_ERR(fname))
    + *n = (buf + (*n) - fname);
    + return fname;
    +}
    +
    +/**
    + * cr_write_fname - write a file name
    + * @ctx: checkpoint context
    + * @path: path name
    + * @root: relative root
    + */
    +int cr_write_fname(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct path *path, struct path *root)
    +{
    + struct cr_hdr h;
    + char *buf, *fname;
    + int ret, flen;
    +
    + flen = PATH_MAX;
    + buf = kmalloc(flen, GFP_KERNEL);
    + if (!buf)
    + return -ENOMEM;
    +
    + fname = cr_fill_fname(path, root, buf, &flen);
    + if (!IS_ERR(fname)) {
    + h.type = CR_HDR_FNAME;
    + h.len = flen;
    + h.parent = 0;
    + ret = cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, fname);
    + } else
    + ret = PTR_ERR(fname);
    +
    + kfree(buf);
    + return ret;
    +}
    +
    /* write the checkpoint header */
    static int cr_write_head(struct cr_ctx *ctx)
    {
    @@ -150,6 +199,10 @@ static int cr_write_task(struct cr_ctx *
    cr_debug("task_struct: ret %d\n", ret);
    if (ret < 0)
    goto out;
    + ret = cr_write_mm(ctx, t);
    + cr_debug("memory: ret %d\n", ret);
    + if (ret < 0)
    + goto out;
    ret = cr_write_thread(ctx, t);
    cr_debug("thread: ret %d\n", ret);
    if (ret < 0)
    diff -puN /dev/null checkpoint/checkpoint_mem.h
    --- /dev/null 2008-09-02 09:40:19.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/checkpoint_mem.h 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
    +#ifndef _CHECKPOINT_CKPT_MEM_H_
    +#define _CHECKPOINT_CKPT_MEM_H_
    +/*
    + * Generic container checkpoint-restart
    + *
    + * Copyright (C) 2008 Oren Laadan
    + *
    + * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
    + * License. See the file COPYING in the main directory of the Linux
    + * distribution for more details.
    + */
    +
    +#include <linux/mm_types.h>
    +
    +/*
    + * page-array chains: each cr_pgarr describes a set of <strcut page *,vaddr>
    + * tuples (where vaddr is the virtual address of a page in a particular mm).
    + * Specifically, we use separate arrays so that all vaddrs can be written
    + * and read at once.
    + */
    +
    +struct cr_pgarr {
    + unsigned long *vaddrs;
    + struct page **pages;
    + unsigned int nr_used;
    + struct list_head list;
    +};
    +
    +#define CR_PGARR_TOTAL (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(void *))
    +#define CR_PGARR_CHUNK (4 * CR_PGARR_TOTAL)
    +
    +extern void cr_pgarr_free(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    +extern struct cr_pgarr *cr_pgarr_current(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    +extern void cr_pgarr_reset_all(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    +
    +static inline int cr_pgarr_is_full(struct cr_pgarr *pgarr)
    +{
    + return (pgarr->nr_used == CR_PGARR_TOTAL);
    +}
    +
    +#endif /* _CHECKPOINT_CKPT_MEM_H_ */
    diff -puN /dev/null checkpoint/ckpt_mem.c
    --- /dev/null 2008-09-02 09:40:19.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/ckpt_mem.c 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -0,0 +1,500 @@
    +/*
    + * Checkpoint memory contents
    + *
    + * Copyright (C) 2008 Oren Laadan
    + *
    + * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
    + * License. See the file COPYING in the main directory of the Linux
    + * distribution for more details.
    + */
    +
    +#include <linux/kernel.h>
    +#include <linux/sched.h>
    +#include <linux/slab.h>
    +#include <linux/file.h>
    +#include <linux/pagemap.h>
    +#include <linux/mm_types.h>
    +#include <linux/checkpoint.h>
    +#include <linux/checkpoint_hdr.h>
    +
    +#include "checkpoint_arch.h"
    +#include "checkpoint_mem.h"
    +
    +/*
    + * utilities to alloc, free, and handle 'struct cr_pgarr' (page-arrays)
    + * (common to ckpt_mem.c and rstr_mem.c).
    + *
    + * The checkpoint context structure has two members for page-arrays:
    + * ctx->pgarr_list: list head of the page-array chain
    + *
    + * During checkpoint (and restart) the chain tracks the dirty pages (page
    + * pointer and virtual address) of each MM. For a particular MM, these are
    + * always added to the head of the page-array chain (ctx->pgarr_list).
    + * This "current" page-array advances as necessary, and new page-array
    + * descriptors are allocated on-demand. Before the next chunk of pages,
    + * the chain is reset but not freed (that is, dereference page pointers).
    + */
    +
    +/* return first page-array in the chain */
    +static inline struct cr_pgarr *cr_pgarr_first(struct cr_ctx *ctx)
    +{
    + if (list_empty(&ctx->pgarr_list))
    + return NULL;
    + return list_first_entry(&ctx->pgarr_list, struct cr_pgarr, list);
    +}
    +
    +/* release pages referenced by a page-array */
    +static void cr_pgarr_release_pages(struct cr_pgarr *pgarr)
    +{
    + int i;
    +
    + cr_debug("nr_used %d\n", pgarr->nr_used);
    + /*
    + * although both checkpoint and restart use 'nr_used', we only
    + * collect pages during checkpoint; in restart we simply return
    + */
    + if (!pgarr->pages)
    + return;
    + for (i = pgarr->nr_used; i--; /**/)
    + page_cache_release(pgarr->pages[i]);
    +}
    +
    +/* free a single page-array object */
    +static void cr_pgarr_free_one(struct cr_pgarr *pgarr)
    +{
    + cr_pgarr_release_pages(pgarr);
    + kfree(pgarr->pages);
    + kfree(pgarr->vaddrs);
    + kfree(pgarr);
    +}
    +
    +/* free a chain of page-arrays */
    +void cr_pgarr_free(struct cr_ctx *ctx)
    +{
    + struct cr_pgarr *pgarr, *tmp;
    +
    + list_for_each_entry_safe(pgarr, tmp, &ctx->pgarr_list, list) {
    + list_del(&pgarr->list);
    + cr_pgarr_free_one(pgarr);
    + }
    +}
    +
    +/* allocate a single page-array object */
    +static struct cr_pgarr *cr_pgarr_alloc_one(unsigned long flags)
    +{
    + struct cr_pgarr *pgarr;
    +
    + pgarr = kzalloc(sizeof(*pgarr), GFP_KERNEL);
    + if (!pgarr)
    + return NULL;
    +
    + pgarr->vaddrs = kmalloc(CR_PGARR_TOTAL * sizeof(unsigned long),
    + GFP_KERNEL);
    + if (!pgarr->vaddrs)
    + goto nomem;
    +
    + /* pgarr->pages is needed only for checkpoint */
    + if (flags & CR_CTX_CKPT) {
    + pgarr->pages = kmalloc(CR_PGARR_TOTAL * sizeof(struct page *),
    + GFP_KERNEL);
    + if (!pgarr->pages)
    + goto nomem;
    + }
    +
    + return pgarr;
    +
    + nomem:
    + cr_pgarr_free_one(pgarr);
    + return NULL;
    +}
    +
    +/* cr_pgarr_current - return the next available page-array in the chain
    + * @ctx: checkpoint context
    + *
    + * Returns the first page-array in the list that has space. Extends the
    + * list if none has space.
    + */
    +struct cr_pgarr *cr_pgarr_current(struct cr_ctx *ctx)
    +{
    + struct cr_pgarr *pgarr;
    +
    + pgarr = cr_pgarr_first(ctx);
    + if (pgarr && !cr_pgarr_is_full(pgarr))
    + goto out;
    + pgarr = cr_pgarr_alloc_one(ctx->flags);
    + if (!pgarr)
    + goto out;
    + list_add(&pgarr->list, &ctx->pgarr_list);
    + out:
    + return pgarr;
    +}
    +
    +/* reset the page-array chain (dropping page references if necessary) */
    +void cr_pgarr_reset_all(struct cr_ctx *ctx)
    +{
    + struct cr_pgarr *pgarr;
    +
    + list_for_each_entry(pgarr, &ctx->pgarr_list, list) {
    + cr_pgarr_release_pages(pgarr);
    + pgarr->nr_used = 0;
    + }
    +}
    +
    +/*
    + * Checkpoint is outside the context of the checkpointee, so one cannot
    + * simply read pages from user-space. Instead, we scan the address space
    + * of the target to cherry-pick pages of interest. Selected pages are
    + * enlisted in a page-array chain (attached to the checkpoint context).
    + * To save their contents, each page is mapped to kernel memory and then
    + * dumped to the file descriptor.
    + */
    +
    +
    +/**
    + * cr_private_follow_page - return page pointer for dirty pages
    + * @vma - target vma
    + * @addr - page address
    + *
    + * Looks up the page that correspond to the address in the vma, and
    + * returns the page if it was modified (and grabs a reference to it),
    + * or otherwise returns NULL (or error).
    + *
    + * This function should _only_ called for private vma's.
    + */
    +static struct page *
    +cr_private_follow_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
    +{
    + struct page *page;
    +
    + BUG_ON(vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYSHARE));
    +
    + /*
    + * simplified version of get_user_pages(): already have vma,
    + * only need FOLL_ANON, and (for now) ignore fault stats.
    + *
    + * follow_page() will return NULL if the page is not present
    + * (swapped), ZERO_PAGE(0) if the pte wasn't allocated, and
    + * the actual page pointer otherwise.
    + *
    + * FIXME: consolidate with get_user_pages()
    + */
    +
    + cond_resched();
    + while (!(page = follow_page(vma, addr, FOLL_ANON | FOLL_GET))) {
    + int ret;
    +
    + /* the page is swapped out - bring it in (optimize ?) */
    + ret = handle_mm_fault(vma->vm_mm, vma, addr, 0);
    + if (ret & VM_FAULT_ERROR) {
    + if (ret & VM_FAULT_OOM)
    + return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
    + else if (ret & VM_FAULT_SIGBUS)
    + return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
    + else
    + BUG();
    + break;
    + }
    + cond_resched();
    + }
    +
    + if (IS_ERR(page))
    + return page;
    +
    + /*
    + * We only care about dirty pages: either non-zero page, or
    + * file-backed (copy-on-write) that were touched. For the latter,
    + * the page_mapping() will be unset because it will no longer be
    + * mapped to the original file after having been modified.
    + */
    + if (page == ZERO_PAGE(0)) {
    + /* this is the zero page: ignore */
    + page_cache_release(page);
    + page = NULL;
    + } else if (vma->vm_file && (page_mapping(page) != NULL)) {
    + /* file backed clean cow: ignore */
    + page_cache_release(page);
    + page = NULL;
    + }
    +
    + return page;
    +}
    +
    +/**
    + * cr_private_vma_fill_pgarr - fill a page-array with addr/page tuples
    + * @ctx - checkpoint context
    + * @pgarr - page-array to fill
    + * @vma - vma to scan
    + * @start - start address (updated)
    + *
    + * Returns the number of pages collected
    + */
    +static int
    +cr_private_vma_fill_pgarr(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct cr_pgarr *pgarr,
    + struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long *start)
    +{
    + unsigned long end = vma->vm_end;
    + unsigned long addr = *start;
    + int orig_used = pgarr->nr_used;
    +
    + /* this function is only for private memory (anon or file-mapped) */
    + BUG_ON(vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYSHARE));
    +
    + while (addr < end) {
    + struct page *page;
    +
    + page = cr_private_follow_page(vma, addr);
    + if (IS_ERR(page))
    + return PTR_ERR(page);
    +
    + if (page) {
    + pgarr->pages[pgarr->nr_used] = page;
    + pgarr->vaddrs[pgarr->nr_used] = addr;
    + pgarr->nr_used++;
    + }
    +
    + addr += PAGE_SIZE;
    +
    + if (cr_pgarr_is_full(pgarr))
    + break;
    + }
    +
    + *start = addr;
    + return pgarr->nr_used - orig_used;
    +}
    +
    +/* dump contents of a pages: use kmap_atomic() to avoid TLB flush */
    +static int cr_page_write(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct page *page, char *buf)
    +{
    + void *ptr;
    +
    + ptr = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER1);
    + memcpy(buf, ptr, PAGE_SIZE);
    + kunmap_atomic(page, KM_USER1);
    +
    + return cr_kwrite(ctx, buf, PAGE_SIZE);
    +}
    +
    +/**
    + * cr_vma_dump_pages - dump pages listed in the ctx page-array chain
    + * @ctx - checkpoint context
    + * @total - total number of pages
    + *
    + * First dump all virtual addresses, followed by the contents of all pages
    + */
    +static int cr_vma_dump_pages(struct cr_ctx *ctx, int total)
    +{
    + struct cr_pgarr *pgarr;
    + char *buf;
    + int i, ret = 0;
    +
    + if (!total)
    + return 0;
    +
    + list_for_each_entry_reverse(pgarr, &ctx->pgarr_list, list) {
    + ret = cr_kwrite(ctx, pgarr->vaddrs,
    + pgarr->nr_used * sizeof(*pgarr->vaddrs));
    + if (ret < 0)
    + return ret;
    + }
    +
    + buf = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
    + if (!buf)
    + return -ENOMEM;
    +
    + list_for_each_entry_reverse(pgarr, &ctx->pgarr_list, list) {
    + for (i = 0; i < pgarr->nr_used; i++) {
    + ret = cr_page_write(ctx, pgarr->pages[i], buf);
    + if (ret < 0)
    + goto out;
    + }
    + }
    +
    + out:
    + kfree(buf);
    + return ret;
    +}
    +
    +/**
    + * cr_write_private_vma_contents - dump contents of a VMA with private memory
    + * @ctx - checkpoint context
    + * @vma - vma to scan
    + *
    + * Collect lists of pages that needs to be dumped, and corresponding
    + * virtual addresses into ctx->pgarr_list page-array chain. Then dump
    + * the addresses, followed by the page contents.
    + */
    +static int
    +cr_write_private_vma_contents(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
    +{
    + struct cr_hdr h;
    + struct cr_hdr_pgarr *hh;
    + unsigned long addr = vma->vm_start;
    + struct cr_pgarr *pgarr;
    + unsigned long cnt = 0;
    + int ret;
    +
    + /*
    + * Work iteratively, collecting and dumping at most CR_PGARR_CHUNK
    + * in each round. Each iterations is divided into two steps:
    + *
    + * (1) scan: scan through the PTEs of the vma to collect the pages
    + * to dump (later we'll also make them COW), while keeping a list
    + * of pages and their corresponding addresses on ctx->pgarr_list.
    + *
    + * (2) dump: write out a header specifying how many pages, followed
    + * by the addresses of all pages in ctx->pgarr_list, followed by
    + * the actual contents of all pages. (Then, release the references
    + * to the pages and reset the page-array chain).
    + *
    + * (This split makes the logic simpler by first counting the pages
    + * that need saving. More importantly, it allows for a future
    + * optimization that will reduce application downtime by deferring
    + * the actual write-out of the data to after the application is
    + * allowed to resume execution).
    + *
    + * After dumpting the entire contents, conclude with a header that
    + * specifies 0 pages to mark the end of the contents.
    + */
    +
    + h.type = CR_HDR_PGARR;
    + h.len = sizeof(*hh);
    + h.parent = 0;
    +
    + while (addr < vma->vm_end) {
    + pgarr = cr_pgarr_current(ctx);
    + if (!pgarr)
    + return -ENOMEM;
    + ret = cr_private_vma_fill_pgarr(ctx, pgarr, vma, &addr);
    + if (ret < 0)
    + return ret;
    + cnt += ret;
    +
    + /* did we complete a chunk, or is this the last chunk ? */
    + if (cnt >= CR_PGARR_CHUNK || (cnt && addr == vma->vm_end)) {
    + hh = cr_hbuf_get(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + hh->nr_pages = cnt;
    + ret = cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, hh);
    + cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + if (ret < 0)
    + return ret;
    +
    + ret = cr_vma_dump_pages(ctx, cnt);
    + if (ret < 0)
    + return ret;
    +
    + cr_pgarr_reset_all(ctx);
    + }
    + }
    +
    + /* mark end of contents with header saying "0" pages */
    + hh = cr_hbuf_get(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + hh->nr_pages = 0;
    + ret = cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, hh);
    + cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    +
    + return ret;
    +}
    +
    +static int cr_write_vma(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
    +{
    + struct cr_hdr h;
    + struct cr_hdr_vma *hh = cr_hbuf_get(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + int vma_type, ret;
    +
    + h.type = CR_HDR_VMA;
    + h.len = sizeof(*hh);
    + h.parent = 0;
    +
    + hh->vm_start = vma->vm_start;
    + hh->vm_end = vma->vm_end;
    + hh->vm_page_prot = vma->vm_page_prot.pgprot;
    + hh->vm_flags = vma->vm_flags;
    + hh->vm_pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff;
    +
    + if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_IO | VM_HUGETLB | VM_NONLINEAR)) {
    + pr_warning("CR: unsupported VMA %#lx\n", vma->vm_flags);
    + cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + return -ENOSYS;
    + }
    +
    + /* by default assume anon memory */
    + vma_type = CR_VMA_ANON;
    +
    + /*
    + * if there is a backing file, assume private-mapped
    + * (FIXME: check if the file is unlinked)
    + */
    + if (vma->vm_file)
    + vma_type = CR_VMA_FILE;
    +
    + hh->vma_type = vma_type;
    +
    + ret = cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, hh);
    + cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + if (ret < 0)
    + return ret;
    +
    + /* save the file name, if relevant */
    + if (vma->vm_file) {
    + ret = cr_write_fname(ctx, &vma->vm_file->f_path, ctx->vfsroot);
    + if (ret < 0)
    + return ret;
    + }
    +
    + return cr_write_private_vma_contents(ctx, vma);
    +}
    +
    +int cr_write_mm(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct task_struct *t)
    +{
    + struct cr_hdr h;
    + struct cr_hdr_mm *hh = cr_hbuf_get(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + struct mm_struct *mm;
    + struct vm_area_struct *vma;
    + int objref, ret;
    +
    + h.type = CR_HDR_MM;
    + h.len = sizeof(*hh);
    + h.parent = task_pid_vnr(t);
    +
    + mm = get_task_mm(t);
    +
    + objref = 0; /* will be meaningful with multiple processes */
    + hh->objref = objref;
    +
    + down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
    +
    + hh->start_code = mm->start_code;
    + hh->end_code = mm->end_code;
    + hh->start_data = mm->start_data;
    + hh->end_data = mm->end_data;
    + hh->start_brk = mm->start_brk;
    + hh->brk = mm->brk;
    + hh->start_stack = mm->start_stack;
    + hh->arg_start = mm->arg_start;
    + hh->arg_end = mm->arg_end;
    + hh->env_start = mm->env_start;
    + hh->env_end = mm->env_end;
    +
    + hh->map_count = mm->map_count;
    +
    + /* FIX: need also mm->flags */
    +
    + ret = cr_write_obj(ctx, &h, hh);
    + cr_hbuf_put(ctx, sizeof(*hh));
    + if (ret < 0)
    + goto out;
    +
    + /* write the vma's */
    + for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
    + ret = cr_write_vma(ctx, vma);
    + if (ret < 0)
    + goto out;
    + }
    +
    + ret = cr_write_mm_context(ctx, mm, objref);
    +
    + out:
    + up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
    + mmput(mm);
    + return ret;
    +}
    diff -puN checkpoint/Makefile~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space checkpoint/Makefile
    --- linux-2.6.git/checkpoint/Makefile~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/Makefile 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -2,4 +2,5 @@
    # Makefile for linux checkpoint/restart.
    #

    -obj-$(CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTART) += sys.o checkpoint.o restart.o
    +obj-$(CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTART) += sys.o checkpoint.o restart.o \
    + ckpt_mem.o
    diff -puN checkpoint/sys.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space checkpoint/sys.c
    --- linux-2.6.git/checkpoint/sys.c~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/checkpoint/sys.c 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
    #include <linux/capability.h>
    #include <linux/checkpoint.h>

    +#include "checkpoint_mem.h"
    +
    /*
    * helpers to write/read to/from the image file descriptor
    *
    @@ -161,6 +163,11 @@ void cr_ctx_free(struct cr_ctx *ctx)

    kfree(ctx->hbuf);

    + if (ctx->vfsroot)
    + path_put(ctx->vfsroot);
    +
    + cr_pgarr_free(ctx);
    +
    kfree(ctx);
    }

    @@ -184,6 +191,15 @@ struct cr_ctx *cr_ctx_alloc(pid_t pid, i
    return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
    }

    + /*
    + * assume checkpointer is in container's root vfs
    + * FIXME: this works for now, but will change with real containers
    + */
    + ctx->vfsroot = &current->fs->root;
    + path_get(ctx->vfsroot);
    +
    + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx->pgarr_list);
    +
    ctx->pid = pid;
    ctx->flags = flags;

    diff -puN include/asm-x86/checkpoint_hdr.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space include/asm-x86/checkpoint_hdr.h
    --- linux-2.6.git/include/asm-x86/checkpoint_hdr.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/include/asm-x86/checkpoint_hdr.h 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -69,4 +69,9 @@ struct cr_hdr_cpu {

    } __attribute__((aligned(8)));

    +struct cr_hdr_mm_context {
    + __s16 ldt_entry_size;
    + __s16 nldt;
    +} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
    +
    #endif /* __ASM_X86_CKPT_HDR__H */
    diff -puN include/linux/checkpoint.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space include/linux/checkpoint.h
    --- linux-2.6.git/include/linux/checkpoint.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/include/linux/checkpoint.h 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
    * distribution for more details.
    */

    +#include <linux/path.h>
    +#include <linux/fs.h>
    +
    #define CR_VERSION 1

    struct cr_ctx {
    @@ -24,6 +27,10 @@ struct cr_ctx {

    void *hbuf; /* temporary buffer for headers */
    int hpos; /* position in headers buffer */
    +
    + struct list_head pgarr_list; /* page array to dump VMA contents */
    +
    + struct path *vfsroot; /* container root (FIXME) */
    };

    /* cr_ctx: flags */
    @@ -42,11 +49,16 @@ struct cr_hdr;

    extern int cr_write_obj(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct cr_hdr *h, void *buf);
    extern int cr_write_string(struct cr_ctx *ctx, char *str, int len);
    +extern int cr_write_fname(struct cr_ctx *ctx,
    + struct path *path, struct path *root);

    extern int cr_read_obj(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct cr_hdr *h, void *buf, int n);
    extern int cr_read_obj_type(struct cr_ctx *ctx, void *buf, int n, int type);
    extern int cr_read_string(struct cr_ctx *ctx, void *str, int len);

    +extern int cr_write_mm(struct cr_ctx *ctx, struct task_struct *t);
    +extern int cr_read_mm(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    +
    extern int do_checkpoint(struct cr_ctx *ctx);
    extern int do_restart(struct cr_ctx *ctx);

    diff -puN include/linux/checkpoint_hdr.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space include/linux/checkpoint_hdr.h
    --- linux-2.6.git/include/linux/checkpoint_hdr.h~v6_PATCH_4_9_Dump_memory_address_space 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    +++ linux-2.6.git-dave/include/linux/checkpoint_hdr.h 2008-10-16 10:53:36.000000000 -0700
    @@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ struct cr_hdr {
    enum {
    CR_HDR_HEAD = 1,
    CR_HDR_STRING,
    + CR_HDR_FNAME,

    CR_HDR_TASK = 101,
    CR_HDR_THREAD,
    @@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ enum {

    CR_HDR_MM = 201,
    CR_HDR_VMA,
    + CR_HDR_PGARR,
    CR_HDR_MM_CONTEXT,

    CR_HDR_TAIL = 5001
    @@ -73,4 +75,34 @@ struct cr_hdr_task {
    __s32 task_comm_len;
    } __attribute__((aligned(8)));

    +struct cr_hdr_mm {
    + __u32 objref; /* identifier for shared objects */
    + __u32 map_count;
    +
    + __u64 start_code, end_code, start_data, end_data;
    + __u64 start_brk, brk, start_stack;
    + __u64 arg_start, arg_end, env_start, env_end;
    +} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
    +
    +/* vma subtypes */
    +enum vm_type {
    + CR_VMA_ANON = 1,
    + CR_VMA_FILE
    +};
    +
    +struct cr_hdr_vma {
    + __u32 vma_type;
    + __u32 _padding;
    +
    + __u64 vm_start;
    + __u64 vm_end;
    + __u64 vm_page_prot;
    + __u64 vm_flags;
    + __u64 vm_pgoff;
    +} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
    +
    +struct cr_hdr_pgarr {
    + __u64 nr_pages; /* number of pages to saved */
    +} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
    +
    #endif /* _CHECKPOINT_CKPT_HDR_H_ */
    _

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