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    Subject[RFC] Sample kset/ktype/kobject implementation
    /*
    * Sample kset and ktype implementation
    *
    * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
    * Copyright (C) 2007 Novell Inc.
    *
    * Released under the GPL version 2 only.
    *
    */
    #include <linux/kobject.h>
    #include <linux/string.h>
    #include <linux/sysfs.h>
    #include <linux/module.h>
    #include <linux/init.h>

    /*
    * This module shows how to create a kset in sysfs called
    * /sys/kernel/kset-example
    * Then tree kobjects are created and assigned to this kset, "foo", "baz",
    * and "bar". In those kobjects, attributes of the same name are also
    * created and if an integer is written to these files, it can be later
    * read out of it.
    */


    /*
    * This is our "object" that we will create a few of and register them with
    * sysfs.
    */
    struct foo_obj {
    struct kobject kobj;
    int foo;
    int baz;
    int bar;
    };
    #define to_foo_obj(x) container_of(x, struct foo_obj, kobj)

    /* a custom attribute that works just for a struct foo_obj. */
    struct foo_attribute {
    struct attribute attr;
    ssize_t (*show)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, char *buf);
    ssize_t (*store)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count);
    };
    #define to_foo_attr(x) container_of(x, struct foo_attribute, attr)

    /*
    * The default show function that must be passed to sysfs. This will be
    * called by sysfs for whenever a show function is called by the user on a
    * sysfs file associated with the kobjects we have registered. We need to
    * transpose back from a "default" kobject to our custom struct foo_obj and
    * then call the show function for that specific object.
    */
    static ssize_t foo_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
    struct attribute *attr,
    char *buf)
    {
    struct foo_attribute *attribute;
    struct foo_obj *foo;

    attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
    foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);

    if (!attribute->show)
    return -EIO;

    return attribute->show(foo, attribute, buf);
    }

    /*
    * Just like the default show function above, but this one is for when the
    * sysfs "store" is requested (when a value is written to a file.)
    */
    static ssize_t foo_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
    struct attribute *attr,
    const char *buf, size_t len)
    {
    struct foo_attribute *attribute;
    struct foo_obj *foo;

    attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
    foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);

    if (!attribute->store)
    return -EIO;

    return attribute->store(foo, attribute, buf, len);
    }

    /* Our custom sysfs_ops that we will associate with our ktype later on */
    static struct sysfs_ops foo_sysfs_ops = {
    .show = foo_attr_show,
    .store = foo_attr_store,
    };

    /*
    * The release function for our object. This is REQUIRED by the kernel to
    * have. We free the memory held in our object here.
    *
    * NEVER try to get away with just a "blank" release function to try to be
    * smarter than the kernel. Turns out, no one ever is...
    */
    static void foo_release(struct kobject *kobj)
    {
    struct foo_obj *foo;

    foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
    kfree(foo);
    }

    /*
    * The "foo" file where the .foo variable is read from and written to.
    */
    static ssize_t foo_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
    char *buf)
    {
    return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", foo_obj->foo);
    }

    static ssize_t foo_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
    const char *buf, size_t count)
    {
    sscanf(buf, "%du", &foo_obj->foo);
    return count;
    }

    static struct foo_attribute foo_attribute =
    __ATTR(foo, 0666, foo_show, foo_store);

    /*
    * More complex function where we determine which varible is being accessed by
    * looking at the attribute for the "baz" and "bar" files.
    */
    static ssize_t b_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
    char *buf)
    {
    int var;

    if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
    var = foo_obj->baz;
    else
    var = foo_obj->bar;
    return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", var);
    }

    static ssize_t b_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
    const char *buf, size_t count)
    {
    int var;

    sscanf(buf, "%du", &var);
    if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
    foo_obj->baz = var;
    else
    foo_obj->bar = var;
    return count;
    }

    static struct foo_attribute baz_attribute =
    __ATTR(baz, 0666, b_show, b_store);
    static struct foo_attribute bar_attribute =
    __ATTR(bar, 0666, b_show, b_store);

    /*
    * Create a group of attributes so that we can create and destory them all
    * at once.
    */
    static struct attribute *foo_default_attrs[] = {
    &foo_attribute.attr,
    &baz_attribute.attr,
    &bar_attribute.attr,
    NULL, /* need to NULL terminate the list of attributes */
    };

    /*
    * Our own ktype for our kobjects. Here we specify our sysfs ops, the
    * release function, and the set of default attributes we want created
    * whenever a kobject of this type is registered with the kernel.
    */
    static struct kobj_type foo_ktype = {
    .sysfs_ops = &foo_sysfs_ops,
    .release = foo_release,
    .default_attrs = foo_default_attrs,
    };

    static struct kset *example_kset;
    static struct foo_obj *foo_obj;
    static struct foo_obj *bar_obj;
    static struct foo_obj *baz_obj;

    static struct foo_obj *create_foo_obj(const char *name)
    {
    struct foo_obj *foo;
    int retval;

    /* allocate the memory for the whole object */
    foo = kzalloc(sizeof(*foo), GFP_KERNEL);
    if (!foo)
    return NULL;

    /* initialize the kobject portion of the object properly */
    kobject_set_name(&foo->kobj, "%s", name);
    foo->kobj.kset = example_kset;
    foo->kobj.ktype = &foo_ktype;

    /*
    * Register the kobject with the kernel, all the default files will
    * be created here and the uevent will be sent out. If we were to
    * call kobject_init() and then kobject_add() we would be
    * responsible for sending out the initial KOBJ_ADD uevent.
    */
    retval = kobject_register(&foo->kobj);
    if (retval) {
    kfree(foo);
    return NULL;
    }

    return foo;
    }

    static void destroy_foo_obj(struct foo_obj *foo)
    {
    kobject_unregister(&foo->kobj);
    }

    static int example_init(void)
    {
    /*
    * Create a kset with the name of "kset_example",
    * located under /sys/kernel/
    */
    example_kset = kset_create_and_register("kset_example", NULL, kernel_kobj);
    if (!example_kset)
    return -ENOMEM;

    /*
    * Create three objects and register them with our kset
    */
    foo_obj = create_foo_obj("foo");
    if (!foo_obj)
    goto foo_error;

    bar_obj = create_foo_obj("bar");
    if (!bar_obj)
    goto bar_error;

    baz_obj = create_foo_obj("baz");
    if (!baz_obj)
    goto baz_error;

    return 0;

    baz_error:
    destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
    bar_error:
    destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
    foo_error:
    return -EINVAL;
    }

    static void example_exit(void)
    {
    destroy_foo_obj(baz_obj);
    destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
    destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
    kset_unregister(example_kset);
    }

    module_init(example_init);
    module_exit(example_exit);
    MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
    MODULE_AUTHOR("Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>");
    -
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