Messages in this thread | | | Date | Tue, 6 Apr 2004 15:33:22 +0200 | From | Andi Kleen <> | Subject | NUMA API for Linux |
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The following patches add support for configurable NUMA memory policy for user processes. It is based on the proposal from last kernel summit with feedback from various people.
This NUMA API doesn't not attempt to implement page migration or anything else complicated: all it does is to police the allocation when a page is first allocation or when a page is reallocated after swapping. Currently only support for shared memory and anonymous memory is there; policy for file based mappings is not implemented yet (although they get implicitely policied by the default process policy)
It adds three new system calls: mbind to change the policy of a VMA, set_mempolicy to change the policy of a process, get_mempolicy to retrieve memory policy. User tools (numactl, libnuma, test programs, manpages) can be found in ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa/numactl-0.6.tar.gz
For details on the system calls see the manpages http://www.firstfloor.org/~andi/mbind.html http://www.firstfloor.org/~andi/set_mempolicy.html http://www.firstfloor.org/~andi/get_mempolicy.html Most user programs should actually not use the system calls directly, but use the higher level functions in libnuma (http://www.firstfloor.org/~andi/numa.html) or the command line tools (http://www.firstfloor.org/~andi/numactl.html
The system calls allow user programs and administors to set various NUMA memory policies for putting memory on specific nodes. Here is a short description of the policies copied from the kernel patch:
* NUMA policy allows the user to give hints in which node(s) memory should * be allocated. * * Support four policies per VMA and per process: * * The VMA policy has priority over the process policy for a page fault. * * interleave Allocate memory interleaved over a set of nodes, * with normal fallback if it fails. * For VMA based allocations this interleaves based on the * offset into the backing object or offset into the mapping * for anonymous memory. For process policy an process counter * is used. * bind Only allocate memory on a specific set of nodes, * no fallback. * preferred Try a specific node first before normal fallback. * As a special case node -1 here means do the allocation * on the local CPU. This is normally identical to default, * but useful to set in a VMA when you have a non default * process policy. * default Allocate on the local node first, or when on a VMA * use the process policy. This is what Linux always did * in a NUMA aware kernel and still does by, ahem, default. * * The process policy is applied for most non interrupt memory allocations * in that process' context. Interrupts ignore the policies and always * try to allocate on the local CPU. The VMA policy is only applied for memory * allocations for a VMA in the VM. * * Currently there are a few corner cases in swapping where the policy * is not applied, but the majority should be handled. When process policy * is used it is not remembered over swap outs/swap ins. * * Only the highest zone in the zone hierarchy gets policied. Allocations * requesting a lower zone just use default policy. This implies that * on systems with highmem kernel lowmem allocation don't get policied. * Same with GFP_DMA allocations. * * For shmfs/tmpfs/hugetlbfs shared memory the policy is shared between * all users and remembered even when nobody has memory mapped.
The following patches implement all this.
I think these patches are ready for merging in -mm*.
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